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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Although therapy is the best treatment for Anxiety symptoms for anxiety, there are times when a short course of medication is necessary. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are two of the medications that can be utilized to combat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants such as citalopram, sertraline, and escitalopram can reduce anxiety. SNRIs, which are aimed at the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine, can also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the first class of medication doctors prescribe to treat anxiety disorders. They prevent nerve cells in the brain from absorbing serotonin which is a chemical that plays a crucial role in regulating mood. The medications take a while to begin working, but most people are better after 4 to 6 weeks. SSRIs don't develop into a habit and aren't addictive, which is why they can be taken for a long duration.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. These SNRIs include citalopram and the escitalopram and fluoxetine (Prozac) and paraxetine (Paxil), and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and the doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat depression and anxiety. Mirtazapine is a new antidepressant, is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors aren't certain of the exact way SSRIs and SNRIs work, but they do know that they enhance activity of certain chemical messengers within the brain, referred to as neurotransmitters. They stop the brain from reabsorbing chemicals and allow these substances to bind to receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also help with Bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder, but it is less common.

People suffering from anxiety who don't respond to SSRIs might be prescribed an atypical antipsychotic drug. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify) and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These drugs decrease anxiety in people with obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually prescribed in conjunction with an antidepressant, and they are less prone for serious side effects when compared to other types of antipsychotics.

Medications called beta-blockers can also be used to combat anxiety and are frequently prescribed for heart problems. Examples are propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can help reduce physical symptoms of anxiety in those who suffer from social anxiety disorder. They can also aid in reducing anxiety prior to or after surgery and for some chronic pain conditions. Benzodiazepines like lorazepam (Ativan) can be used to manage symptoms when other medicines aren't working. The use of benzodiazepines can become addictive and habit-forming.

SNRIs

SNRIs are another type of antidepressant medication that is often prescribed to combat anxiety. They work in a similar manner similar to SSRIs but also increase the quantity of norepinephrine as well as serotonin. They are therefore more efficient in treating certain anxiety disorders such as social anxiety disorder and anxiety panic disorder. Similar to other medications, they work best when they are used in conjunction with talking therapy and other treatment strategies.

Contrary to other benzodiazepines, SNRIs aren't able to create dependence or addiction for the majority of people. However, some patients could experience withdrawal when discontinuing the medication after a long time of usage. It is crucial to talk with your doctor before discontinuing any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters that are responsible for stress and mood reactions. They play an important role in the fight or flight response that many sufferers of anxiety experience. By preventing the reuptake process, SNRIs block nerve cells from quickly absorbing these neurotransmitters. This way, they keep these chemicals in the brain for longer and as a result, they have the potential to boost mood and decrease anxiety levels or help alleviate symptoms of panic attacks.

Norepinephrine also plays a role in anxiety, since it stimulates the Amygdala. This is a very deep and primitive brain region that is associated with fearful behavior. It has been demonstrated that SNRIs decrease activity in this region of the brain, which may positively impact mood and anxiety, as well as alleviate anxiety attacks.

Although these drugs can be very beneficial but it is important to keep in mind that they can have the potential of causing increased suicidal thoughts in some individuals. Due to this, they are typically prescribed in higher dosages and for a shorter time. In addition, these medications can interact with several other drugs and other substances. If you are on any other prescription or over-the-counter medications, make sure you discuss this with your physician and keep them up-to-date on any underlying medical conditions you suffer from, especially heart problems and bleeding diseases. Be aware that certain patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs including dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines -- or benzos commonly referred to as -- are medications that act quickly that help reduce anxiety and anxiety-related symptoms, like insomnia and muscle tension. They can be beneficial for people with anxiety disorders, like panic disorder and social anxiety, especially if other treatments for anxiety disorders, like SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy), don't work. They can also be utilized as a temporary solution until you can wait for your antidepressant medication to begin to work. Medications such as diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most commonly used benzos, however others include Clonazepam (Rivotril) and temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

Because they're fast-acting, they usually begin to work within 30 minutes. They don't remain in the body for long, which is why they must be consumed regularly to get the full benefits. Using benzos for long periods of time could result in addiction and physical dependence and should only be used for the shortest period possible. Benzos are not recommended for those with depression or other anxiety disorders because they may increase the risk of developing those problems.

People who use benzos over an extended period without medical supervision, and often without the advice of a doctor, could develop a condition known as sedative-use disorders, which can include withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This problem is rare in people who take benzos on prescription. Benzo abuse is typically a result of other causes such as alcohol abuse and depression.

Tolerance to benzodiazepines can also develop when they are used for a long time. Tolerance means that you require more medication to get the same results. This may cause respiratory depression, or even death. It is essential to take benzodiazepines as prescribed and on a regular basis.

Other Medications

SSRIs and SNRIs are among the first drugs doctors will typically prescribe to treat anxiety. They affect serotonin which affects mood, appetite, and sleep. They may take a long time to begin effect, ranging from to 12 weeks, and have some side effects like nausea or insomnia. SSRIs are also used to treat other mental health disorders like depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, and panic disorder. Antidepressants, unlike benzodiazepines do not cause physical dependence. However, they could cause withdrawal symptoms if they are abruptly stopped.

The medications in this class are sertraline (Zoloft) and fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be taken on their own or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants can be prescribed by a psychologist, psychiatrist or family physician with specialized training in the field of medication management.

Doctors can prescribe a class of monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. They block the actions of specific enzymes that break down chemicals, such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. MAOIs can take three or four weeks to take effect but they're not as fast-acting as SSRIs.

Clonidine is another medication that can be used to control anxiety. It is commonly used to treat anxiety, however, it can also be used to control blood pressure. Its effectiveness is limited due to negative side effects, such as hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, can be prescribed by doctors to reduce anxiety and panic attacks. They may also decrease the effectiveness of benzodiazepines for some patients.

Anxiety is typically treated with the combination of psychotherapy, exercise and medication. A therapist who has a specialization in anxiety disorders is the most effective method to treat anxiety. They can assist you in working through the root causes of your anxiety and suggest strategies to manage it without medication, in the event that it is necessary. Other options for treating anxiety in elderly treatment that do not involve medication include eye movement desensitization mindfulness meditation and yoga that is trauma-informed. Talk to your therapist about how to determine the best option for you. Psychiatrists are trained to analyze your medical history, symptoms, and develop a treatment plan for anxiety that is suitable for you. When developing the plan, they take into account your medical diagnosis, lifestyle as well as your medical background and preferences. They may also make adjustments as time passes.