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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso makes use of precise pressure and mind-blowing filter technology to make the coffee we love. How exactly does it work?

In order to make espresso, hot water is pushed under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee, but the difference is in the pressure.

The Head of the Group

The name implies the group head is where you insert your portafilter when brewing espresso. It is responsible for dispersing the water into the portafilter before controlling the pressure of the resulting extraction. There are a variety of group heads each with distinct advantages and disadvantages. Some are specifically designed for stability in temperature, while others are designed to handle pre-infusion. Others are built to control the lever. Some include a combination such as the E61. This is a favorite among baristas due to the fact that it has multiple benefits in a single package.

As you can see in the photo above, the group head has several notches where you place your portafilter before twisting it with your hands to secure it. There is also a gasket made of rubber which is located inside the notches to help create an airtight seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches allow for precise placement of your portafilter. This is vital for an accurate extraction.

The group head not only allows the portafilter to be inserted easily, but it also maintains the temperature at a constant level. It does this by cycling hot water through the brew basket, and around the portafilter, making sure that it is always at the right temperature to extract. It is crucial to keep in mind that even a tiny difference can make the difference between a good and great espresso.

The Pump

In contrast to manual piston machines which rely on a lever to pressurize water, rotary uk espresso machine machines rely on motorized pumps to provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure required for espresso extraction. The pressure is created by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps tend to be cheaper than piston-driven machines and tend to last longer, however both types of machines could be damaged by excessive use and inadequate cleaning. Pumps are also more complicated mechanically, and can add to the cost of even the simple models.

Certain espresso machines utilize steam pressure instead of a pump to make espresso. This could lead to over-extraction since the boiler that makes steam also heats the water until it comes to a boil. The machines also need to constantly rebuild their pressure between cups. This requires energy and time.

Many espresso machines utilize the rotary or vibration pump, which has a vibration model using a vibrating disc to create pressure, and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds under high speed. Both types of machine can make a great espresso, however the rotary pumps are quieter, and more durable than vibration pumps.

The Boiler

The boiler is the component that heats water to the ideal temperature for extraction. The steam that is produced reaches the portafilter which holds the ground espresso coffee, and is then pumped down into the cup. During this process, the steam creates pressure and pushes through the grounds of the coffee. This creates a layer crema that is then poured over. This is a hallmark of a great espresso.

There are three types of espresso makers, and they differ in the type of pump they employ and how hot the espresso is. There are also different ways that the brew can be controlled as well as the size of the cup that the machine can produce.

The first espresso machines were steam-types. The first espresso machines were steam types. This led to the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. The modern espresso machine was developed by the Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra & Desiderio Pavoni.

The most popular espresso machine is a semiautomatic that has an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they picture these machines. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp your beans yourself however the pump controls the flow of water and pressure. This is a fantastic compromise between human control and mechanised reliability.

The Filter

Espresso machines typically use filters that separate the coffee grounds from the hot water. The filter is also an important part of the temperature control system, since it helps prevent the machine from overheating.

It also helps with flavor, as a filter allows for a more prolonged bloom time. This helps the beans release their flavors and provides an opportunity for better extraction.

It is important to remember that even the most efficient filter can result in a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans as well as the extraction, remain crucial.

This is where the magic happens. It's what makes espresso taste great. The grouphead (also known as the brewhead) is where you put the portafilter - the thingy that you put the coffee grounds in, when making espresso.

In a steam-driven espresso machine, hot water is heated in an airtight container to produce steam, which is then pushed through the grounds with high pressure. These kinds of machines are typically less expensive and easier to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are limited in their capacity to create the ideal brewing conditions, since they are only operating at 1-1.5 bars of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air pump-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They use an air-compressor to push hot water across the ground, and are more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.