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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the most effective treatment for anxiety, occasionally an infrequent course of medication is required. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are two of the drugs that can be used to treat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants such as citalopram, sertraline, and escitalopram can reduce anxiety. SNRIs that target the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine can also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the first class of medication doctors prescribe to treat anxiety disorders. They block nerve cells in the brain from absorbing serotonin, an ingredient which plays a vital role in regulating mood. The drugs take time to begin working, but most people are better after about 4 to 6 weeks. SSRIs do not develop a habit and aren't addictive, which is why they can be taken for a long duration.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. The SNRIs include citalopram, the escitalopram and fluoxetine (Prozac), paraxetine (Paxil) and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants such as imipramine (Tofranil) and the doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat depression and anxiety. Mirtazapine, an antidepressant that is novel is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors don't know how SSRIs or SNRIs function, but they know that they boost the activity of certain chemical messengers called neurotransmitters in the brain. They prevent the brain from absorbing these chemicals and allow them to attach to their receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, ocd and anxiety treatment; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also help with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, but it is less frequent.

Atypical antipsychotic drugs may be prescribed to people with anxiety treatment medicines who do not respond to SSRIs. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify) and aripiprazole (Risperdal). These drugs reduce anxiety in those suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually prescribed together with an antidepressant. They also have a lower chance of serious adverse reactions than other forms of antipsychotics.

Medications called beta-blockers can also be used to reduce anxiety and are commonly prescribed for heart problems. Examples are propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can reduce the physical symptoms of Inpatient anxiety treatment (Articlescad.com), particularly for those with social anxiety disorder. They can also assist in reducing anxiety before or following surgery and also for certain chronic pain issues. The benzodiazepines, including lorazepam or Ativan (Ativan) are able to be used in situations where other medications do not work. However, benzodiazepines create a habit and can lead to addiction.

SNRIs

SNRIs are an antidepressant medication which is commonly prescribed to combat anxiety. They work in a similar way similar to SSRIs but also increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin. As a result, they are often more effective at treating specific types of anxiety disorders, including social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. These medications work best when combined with other treatment strategies and therapy.

In contrast to the benzodiazepines, SNRIs don't cause addiction or dependence in most people. Some sufferers may experience withdrawal symptoms stopping a medication following long-term use. It is important to consult your physician prior to stopping any medication.

Neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine are responsible for regulating mood and stress. Particularly, they play a key role in the fight-or-flight response that a large portion of people suffering from anxiety experience. SNRIs prevent nerve cells from quickly mopping up these neurotransmitters by blocking the process of reuptake. They hold these chemicals in the body for longer, and can boost mood, decrease anxiety, and even help with anxiety attacks.

Norepinephrine also plays a part in anxiety, since it triggers the Amygdala. This is a very deep and primitive part of the brain that is linked to fearful behavior. It has been demonstrated that SNRIs decrease activity in this region of the brain, which may positively affect mood and anxiety, as well as alleviate anxiety attacks.

These medications are very helpful however they can cause suicidal thoughts in some people. Due to this, they are typically prescribed in higher doses and for a short time. In addition, these medications may interact with other drugs and substances. You should inform your doctor if you are taking any other prescriptions or over the counter medications. Also, keep them informed of any medical conditions that may be underlying, such as heart problems and bleeding disorders. Be aware that some patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs, such as nausea and dry mouth.

Benzodiazepines

Benzos, also known as benzodiazepines as they are often referred to, are quick-acting drugs that reduce anxiety and other anxiety-related symptoms, like muscle tension and insomnia. Certain people suffering from anxiety disorders like panic disorder or social anxiety may find them useful particularly if they've not responded to other treatments like SSRIs and psychotherapy. They are also a good short-term solution, like while you wait for an antidepressant to start working. Drugs like diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most popular benzos, however other benzos include clonazepam (Rivotril), temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They typically begin working within 30 minutes due to the fact that they're rapid-acting. These medications don't last long in the body, therefore you should take them on a regular basis to benefit from their effects. Benzos taken for long durations of time can result in physical dependence and addiction, so they should only be used for the shortest period possible. Benzos should not be taken by those suffering from depression or anxiety disorders as they may increase the risk.

People who use benzos for an extended duration, often without medical supervision, can develop a condition known as sedative-use disorders, which can include addiction and withdrawal symptoms. This is a rare issue for people who use benzos as prescribed. Rather, misuse of benzos is usually the result of other factors such as alcohol dependence and depression.

Tolerence to benzodiazepines could develop if they are taken for a long period of time. Tolerance means that you require more medication in order to achieve the same effects. This can sometimes cause respiratory depression, or even death. It is important to take benzodiazepines in the prescribed dosage for long-term basis.

Other Medicines

SSRIs and SNRIs will be the primary medication prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety. They alter serotonin which affects the mood, sleep, appetite and appetite. They can take a while to take effect, up to 12 weeks, and have some adverse effects such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs are also used to treat mental health disorders like depression, obsessive compulsive disorder and panic disorder. Unlike benzodiazepines, antidepressants don't create physical dependence, but they can cause withdrawal symptoms if abruptly discontinued.

The medications in this class are sertraline (Zoloft), fluoroquinol (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be taken on their own or in conjunction with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychologists, psychiatrists or family physicians who have specialized training in the management of medications.

Doctors can prescribe a class of monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. These medications block the action of certain enzymes which break down chemicals like serotonin and norepinephrine, and dopamine. MAOIs may take three or four weeks to take effect but they're not as fast-acting as SSRIs.

Clonidine is another drug that can be used to treat anxiety. It is often used to treat anxiety but it is also used to control blood pressure. Its effectiveness is limited due to adverse effects like hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines like hydroxyzine may be prescribed by medical professionals to help reduce anxiety and panic attacks. Certain patients might also notice a decrease in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

Anxiety is typically treated by using medication, psychotherapy and exercise. A therapist who has a specialization in anxiety disorders is the most effective way to treat anxiety. They can help you identify the root cause of anxiety and recommend ways to manage it without medication, if needed. Other options for anxiety treatment that do not involve medication include eye movement desensitization, mindfulness meditation and yoga that is trauma-informed. Talk to your therapist about how to determine the best option for you. Psychiatrists have the training to analyze your medical history, symptoms and formulate an anxiety treatment plan that is appropriate for you. They will consider your specific diagnosis, lifestyle, medical background and preferences when creating this plan and make adjustments as needed.