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Latest Depression Treatments

If your depression doesn't improve through psychotherapy and antidepressants, new drugs that act quickly may be able treat depression that is resistant to treatment.

SSRIs which are also known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the most frequently prescribed and well-known antidepressants. These antidepressants work by altering the way that the brain processes serotonin.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is also referred to as cognitive behavioral therapy, helps you to change negative thoughts and behaviors such as despair. The NHS offers 8 to 16 sessions.

1. Esketamine

The FDA approved the new treatment for depression treatment without medication in March of 2019 which is a nasal spray dubbed esketamine (brand name Spravato). It is made from the anesthetic ketamine, which has been shown to help in severe cases of depression. The nasal spray works with an oral antidepressant to combat depression that has not responded to standard medication. In one study, 70% of people with treatment resistant depression who were given this drug did well - a greater response rate than taking an oral antidepressant.

Esketamine is different from traditional antidepressants. It raises the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain that transmit messages between brain cells. The results don't come immediately. Patients generally feel better after a couple of days but the effects last for a longer time than SSRIs or SNRIs. Those can take weeks to months to show results.

Researchers believe that esketamine reduces depression symptoms by strengthening brain cell connections. In animal studies, esketamine reversed the breakdown of these connections which can be seen in depression and chronic stress. In addition, it seems to promote the development of neurons that aid in reducing suicidal thoughts and feelings.

Another reason esketamine stands out from other antidepressants is the fact that it is delivered via nasal sprays that allows it to enter the bloodstream faster than pills or oral medication could. It has been demonstrated in studies to lessen depression symptoms within a matter of hours. In certain instances, the effects can be immediate.

A recent study that tracked patients for 16 weeks revealed that not all who began treatment with esketamine were actually in the remission phase. This is disappointing, but it's not surprising, according to Dr. Amit A. Anand an expert in ketamine who was not involved with the study.

Esketamine is currently only available in private practice or in clinical trials. Esketamine is not a first-line option to treat depression. It is prescribed when SSRIs and SNRIs fail to work for a patient with treatment-resistant depression. A patient's doctor can determine if their condition is refractory to treatment and discuss whether esketamine could be beneficial.

2. TMS

TMS utilizes magnetic fields to stimulate brain nerve cells. It is noninvasive and does not require anesthesia or surgery. It has been shown to help people with depression who haven't responded to medications or psychotherapy. It can also be used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and tinnitus.

For alcohol depression treatment, TMS therapy is typically delivered as a series of daily treatments spread over six weeks. The magnetic pulses may feel like pinpricks on the scalp. It can take time to get used to. After a treatment, patients can return to work or go home. Based on the type of stimulation employed and the stimulation pattern used, each TMS session lasts between 3.5 and 20 minutes.

Scientists believe rTMS works by altering the way neurons communicate with each other. This process is known as neuroplasticity. It allows the brain to create new connections and change the way it functions.

Currently, TMS is FDA-cleared to treat depression when other therapies, including talk therapy and medication, haven't worked. It has also been proven to aid those suffering from tinnitus, OCD and pain. Researchers are also investigating the possibility of using it to treat Parkinson's and anxiety.

TMS has been shown to improve depression in a number studies, however not every person who receives it will benefit. It is crucial to undergo a thorough psychiatric as well as medical evaluation before trying this type of treatment. TMS is not suitable for you if you have a history or a history of certain medications.

Talking to your doctor may be beneficial if experiencing depression but aren't getting any benefit from the treatment you are currently receiving. You may be eligible to participate in the TMS trial or other forms neurostimulation. But, you must first test several antidepressants before your insurance company will cover the cost. If you are interested in learning more about these life-changing treatments, contact us today for a consultation. Our specialists will guide you through the process of deciding whether TMS is the best option for you.

3. Deep brain stimulation

A non-invasive therapy that rewires the brain's circuitry may be efficient in just one week for patients suffering from treatment resistant depression. Researchers have devised new strategies that deliver high-dose magnetic signals to the brain more quickly and on a schedule that is more manageable for patients.

Stanford neuromodulation therapy, now available in the Advanced Psychiatric Therapeutics Clinic at the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, uses MRI images to guide electrodes to deliver magnetic pulses to targeted areas of the brain. In a recent study, Mitra & Raichle found that in three quarters of depression patients that the normal neural activity was disrupted, shifting from the anterior cortex to the anterior cortex. SNT restored that flow back to normal within a few days, coinciding perfectly with the lifting of depression.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an invasive procedure, can cause similar results in some patients. Neurosurgeons perform a series of tests to determine the ideal place to implant one or more leads in the brain. The leads are connected by a neurostimulator, which is implanted under the collarbone and appears like an electronic pacemaker. The device delivers a continuous electric current through the leads. This alters the brain’s natural circuitry, which reduces depression symptoms.

Some psychotherapy treatments may also help alleviate depression symptoms, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy. Psychotherapy can be provided in one-on-one sessions with an expert in mental health, or in a group setting. Some therapists also offer the option of telehealth services.

Antidepressants are still the cornerstone of treatment for depression. In recent times, however there have been significant improvements in the speed at which they can help alleviate symptoms of alcohol depression treatment. Newer drugs, such as gepirone (Exxua), esketamine (Spravato), brexanolone (Zulresso) and dextromethorphan-bupropion (Auvelity), all have been shown to work faster than older antidepressants.

Other therapies use magnetic or electric stimulation to stimulate the brain, such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). These are more complex procedures that require a doctor's supervision. In some instances, they could cause seizures or other serious adverse side effects.

4. Light therapy

Bright light therapy, which involves sitting or working in front of a bright artificial light source, has been used for years to treat major depression disorder through seasonal patterns (SAD). Studies show that it can alleviate symptoms such as fatigue and sadness by controlling the circadian rhythms and improving mood. It can also help people who suffer from depression that occurs and disappears.

Light therapy mimics sunlight, which is a crucial component of the biological clock referred to as the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The SCN is connected to mood and light therapy has the ability to change the patterns of circadian rhythms which can cause depression. Light can also reduce the production of melatonin and improve the function of neurotransmitters.

Some doctors are also using light therapy to treat a less severe form of depression referred to as winter blues. It is similar to SAD but affects fewer people and is only seen in months with the least daylight. For the most effective results, they suggest you lie in front of the box for 30 minutes every morning while you are awake. Light therapy produces results in a week, unlike antidepressants that can take a few weeks to begin working and may cause side effects such as nausea or weight increase. It's also safe during pregnancy and for those who are older.

However, some research experts warn that one should not try light therapy without consulting of a psychiatrist or mental health professional, as it could trigger a manic episode in people with bipolar disorder. It could also make people feel tired in the first week of treatment as it could alter their sleep-wake patterns.

PCPs should be aware of the latest treatments that have been approved by the FDA. However they shouldn't be ignoring the tried-and-true techniques like antidepressants or cognitive behavioral therapy. Dr. Hellerstein told Healio that while the search for better and newer treatments is exciting, we should be focusing on the most effective treatment for depression well-established treatments. He says PCPs should focus on informing their patients about the advantages of new options and helping patients adhere to their treatment strategies. This may include providing transportation to the doctor's appointment, or establishing reminders for them to take their medication and attend therapy sessions.