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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast you're likely aware that different varieties of beans can produce different flavors. Find out about four of the most widely used varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, which are a variety of Liberica is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a tangier, more tart flavor and are often used in good coffee Beans blends for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of the world's production. Arabica beans are more mild and sweeter than Robusta, and they are available in a variety of flavours. The aroma and taste of a coffee can vary greatly based on the climatic conditions and methods of processing employed to produce it.

The word 'coffee' actually originates from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were invigorated by eating fruits. The cultivation of coffee bean company spread quickly all over the world.

Coffee beans can grow at high altitudes and thrive in cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is thought to be the best tasting kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee roasters and shops focus on finding their arabica beans in a sustainable manner by focusing on fair compensation for farmers and sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees, which are suitable for many different brewing techniques. Blending can be used to control the flavour, aroma as well as body and acidity of the coffee. It is typically preferred to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean that is grown worldwide. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation during the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more robust than arabica and is able to grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive it's true that Robusta beans are often blended with arabica to make coffee blends. If you see the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bean shop near me bag and you can be sure that there's some Robusta in there too.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do combine both varieties to lower costs and preserve quality. To preserve the integrity of flavor it is recommended to select an excellent bean from a trusted source. This can be done by buying your beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped which distinguishes them from other coffee bean varieties. They have a distinct aroma that is floral and fruity with smokey undertones. They are often added to other coffee bean varieties to add a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are tolerant of hot, humid climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal to grow at home. Online, you can purchase seeds from numerous sources. However, it's best to bulk buy coffee beans the beans from local producers to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants are fertile, deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH, and adequate annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was once classified as a distinct species, but has since been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are ovals that are grown on large 20-30 foot coffee plants that are situated at medium altitudes. Their distinctive flavor is tart and sour, which makes them a popular option for blends made at home. They are also less pronounced in aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta however they still have a distinctive quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most sought-after kind of premium coffee beans beans Excelsa beans aren't quite so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered a separate coffee plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. The coffee beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious taste. They're frequently used in blends to give extra body and a delicious, tart, ripened fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are well-known for their a sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm climates as well as at higher altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. If they are brewed correctly and roast properly, they can have notes like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and makes up around 40% of the world's coffee. These beans are smaller and more round however, they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

After having a better understanding of the four most popular varieties of brew, it's time to select your favorite brew. If you're looking for a smooth soft, delicate flavor, go for an arabica or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.